T-90 Vladimir - Specifications and Hystory

T-90 "Vladimir" - the Russian main battle tank (MBT).

After the death of the chief designer of the tank, Vladimir Ivanovich Potkin, the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation assigned the T-90 tank the verbal name “Vladimir”.

In the period from 2001 to 2010, the T-90 tank became the newest MBT on the world market.

In 2010, the purchase price of the T-90 under contracts for the supply of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation amounted to 70 million rubles. As of 2019, the cost of the new T-90 is 2.5-3.5 million dollars, T-90MS - 4.5 million dollars. Since the end of 2011, the purchase of T-90 tanks for the Armed Forces of Russia has been temporarily suspended.

Under contracts of 2017 with the Uralvagonzavod Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation, in 2018-2019 10 new T-90Ms should be delivered and another 20 T-90 tanks upgraded to T-90M version.

Engine

T-90 early modifications are equipped with a four-stroke V-shaped 12-cylinder multi-fuel diesel engine model B-84MS liquid-cooled with direct fuel injection and a drive centrifugal supercharger. The B-84MS develops a maximum power of 840 liters. with. at 2000 rpm

On the T-90 late editions, the T-90A / S, an engine of model B-92C2 is installed, which is a modernized B-84 and different from it by the installation of a turbocharger (2x) and an improved design, which allowed the engine to increase its output to 1000 liters. with. at 2000 rpm.

Transmission

Transmission planetary with hydraulic control. Transmission provides 7 gears forward and one back. The car turns by turning on the low gear in the gearbox from the side of the trailing track. The transmission control drive is a hydraulic, mechanically driven spool valve. The mechanical drive of the brake, but at the same time providing effective braking and stopping of the machine, holding it even on steep ascents and descents.

Means of surveillance, communication and navigation

Communication of the tank is provided by VHF radio station R-163-50U and receiver R-163-UE with frequency modulation and 1 KHz increments. Communication range on VHF frequencies of 30.025 to 79.975 MHz reaches 20 km per two-meter whip antenna.

The commander tank additionally has a HF radio station P-163-50K (“Arbalet-50K”), 2-30 MHz. Communication distance to the whip antenna in motion reaches 50 km. When parked, the range of external communication at frequencies from 2 to 18 MHz is up to 350 km. This range is achieved by installing the antenna "symmetrical vibrator" on the 11-meter mast.

Integration of the T-90MS with Armata T-14 in the “network-centric war” scenario

The National Interest publication, after analyzing video materials and interviews of designers on the Armata T-14, stated that the version of the T-90MS with a noise-tolerant GPS / GLONASS receiver, as well as connected to the “battle network” (probably, this is the ESU TZ) is integrated with the T-14 . Indeed, previously many sources have announced the installation of navigation and communications equipment to connect the T-90 to the ESU TK. Integrated with the Armata T-14 armored vehicles, the T-90MS can receive target designation and threat reports from it, since the T-14 is not just a tank, but a tactical reconnaissance vehicle on the battlefield using AFAR radar and a circular infrared surveillance system.

The combat capability of the T-90MS and the security of the network-centric war in this scenario increases dramatically, since in fact the task comes down to the destruction of the already explored targets by the gunner of the known azimuth. Long-range radar T-14 also allows you to warn your tactical-level vehicles about the fact that the enemy has launched an anti-tank guided missile system to take protective measures, such as placing air curtains. The presence of even one T-14 vehicle in the tactical level of T-90 tanks dramatically reduces the threat of attack by enemy aircraft, since the T-14 pulse-Doppler radar can identify up to 25 air targets and, through the ESU TK, transfer the shelling sectors for sectoral air defense systems Pine, OCA and the like.

The ability to work on the ESU TZ in integration with self-propelled artillery allows the link of T-90 tanks to effectively combat the infantry and enemy fortifications by transferring targets for firing high-explosive fragmentation shells from the ACS. Because of this, the lack of need to transport a substantial stock of our own high-explosive fragmentation projectiles makes it possible to increase the ammunition payload of armor-piercing sub-caliber shells to destroy enemy armored vehicles.

Integration into the ESU TZ also drastically reduces the problem of “friendly fire”, which is aggravated by the massive use of multispectral curtains on the battlefield when the T-14 appears on it. The exact definition of the coordinates of own equipment by the ESU TZ ensures that the T-14 does not accidentally destroy its own T-90MS from its escort.

Ergonomics

On some T-90 installed air conditioning system SCS-3. Power, wear-resistant interior.

Maintainability

For T-90 there are two types of repair: capital and current. Maintenance repairs are made as needed. With current repairs, the T-90 returns to a healthy state in an average of 2 hours. After a run of 2500 km, a maintenance period of 12 hours is performed. After a run of 5000 km - 30 hours. The overhaul is carried out after a run of 11,000 km, while the caterpillar resource is 6,000 km.